自学教程：C++ stpcpy函数代码示例

/** RFC-2047 encode string with given charset. Only the Q encoding * (quoted-printable) supported at this time. * WARNING: this code returns a static buffer! */char *rfc2047e(const char *string, const char *charset) {    static char *out;    char *t;    const char *r;    int count, minlen, idx, i;    char **words = NULL;    size_t l;    assert(strlen(charset) < 40);    if (out) {	free(out);	out = NULL;    }    /* phase 1: split original into words */    /* 1a: count, 1b: copy */    count = 0;    r = string;    while (*r) {	count++;	r += strcspn(r, ws);	if (!*r) break;	count++;	r += strspn(r, ws);    }    words = (char **)xmalloc(sizeof(char *) * (count + 1));    idx = 0;    r = string;    while (*r) {	l = strcspn(r, ws);	words[idx] = (char *)xmalloc(l+1);	memcpy(words[idx], r, l);	words[idx][l] = '/0';	idx++;	r += l;	if (!*r) break;	l = strspn(r, ws);	words[idx] = (char *)xmalloc(l+1);	memcpy(words[idx], r, l);	words[idx][l] = '/0';	idx++;	r += l;    }    /* phase 2: encode words */    /* a: find ranges of adjacent words to need encoding */    /* b: encode ranges */    idx = 0;    while (idx < count) {	int end; char *tmp;	if (!needs_enc(words[idx])) {	    idx += 2;	    continue;	}	for (end = idx + 2; end < count; end += 2) {	    if (!needs_enc(words[end]))		break;	}	end -= 2;	tmp = encode_words(&words[idx], end - idx + 1, charset);	free(words[idx]);	words[idx] = tmp;	for (i = idx + 1; i <= end; i++)	    words[i][0] = '/0';	idx = end + 2;    }    l = 0;    for (idx = 0; idx < count; idx++) {	l += strlen(words[idx]);    }    /* phase 3: limit lengths */    minlen = strlen(charset) + 7;    /* allocate ample memory */    out = (char *)xmalloc(l + (l / (72 - minlen) + 1) * (minlen + 2) + 1);    if (count)	t = stpcpy(out, words[0]);    else	t = out, *out = 0;    l = strlen(out);    for (i = 1; i < count; i+=2) {	size_t m;	char *tmp;	m = strlen(words[i]);	if (i + 1 < count)	    m += strcspn(words[i+1], "/r/n");	if (l + m > 74)	    t = stpcpy(t, "/r/n");//.........这里部分代码省略.........

/* Modify a Key description, replacing certain special format   characters.  List of currently supported replacements:   %% - Replaced by a single %   %c - Replaced by the content of COMMENT.   %F - Replaced by an ssh style fingerprint computed from KEY.   The functions returns 0 on success or an error code.  On success a   newly allocated string is stored at the address of RESULT. */static gpg_error_tmodify_description (const char *in, const char *comment, const gcry_sexp_t key,                    char **result){  size_t comment_length;  size_t in_len;  size_t out_len;  char *out;  size_t i;  int special, pass;  char *ssh_fpr = NULL;  comment_length = strlen (comment);  in_len  = strlen (in);  /* First pass calculates the length, second pass does the actual     copying.  */  out = NULL;  out_len = 0;  for (pass=0; pass < 2; pass++)    {      special = 0;      for (i = 0; i < in_len; i++)        {          if (special)            {              special = 0;              switch (in[i])                {                case '%':                  if (out)                    *out++ = '%';                  else                    out_len++;                  break;                case 'c': /* Comment.  */                  if (out)                    {                      memcpy (out, comment, comment_length);                      out += comment_length;                    }                  else                    out_len += comment_length;                  break;                case 'F': /* SSH style fingerprint.  */                  if (!ssh_fpr && key)                    ssh_get_fingerprint_string (key, &ssh_fpr);                  if (ssh_fpr)                    {                      if (out)                        out = stpcpy (out, ssh_fpr);                      else                        out_len += strlen (ssh_fpr);                    }                  break;                default: /* Invalid special sequences are kept as they are. */                  if (out)                    {                      *out++ = '%';                      *out++ = in[i];                    }                  else                    out_len+=2;                  break;                }            }          else if (in[i] == '%')            special = 1;          else            {              if (out)                *out++ = in[i];              else                out_len++;            }        }      if (!pass)        {          *result = out = xtrymalloc (out_len + 1);          if (!out)            {              xfree (ssh_fpr);              return gpg_error_from_syserror ();            }        }    }//.........这里部分代码省略.........

char *xheader_format_name (struct tar_stat_info *st, const char *fmt, size_t n){  char *buf;  size_t len = strlen (fmt);  char *q;  const char *p;  char *dirp = NULL;  char *dir = NULL;  char *base = NULL;  char pidbuf[UINTMAX_STRSIZE_BOUND];  char const *pptr = NULL;  char nbuf[UINTMAX_STRSIZE_BOUND];  char const *nptr = NULL;  for (p = fmt; *p && (p = strchr (p, '%')); )    {      switch (p[1])	{	case '%':	  len--;	  break;	case 'd':	  if (st)	    {	      if (!dirp)		dirp = dir_name (st->orig_file_name);	      dir = safer_name_suffix (dirp, false, absolute_names_option);	      len += strlen (dir) - 2;	    }	  break;	case 'f':	  if (st)	    {	      base = last_component (st->orig_file_name);	      len += strlen (base) - 2;	    }	  break;	case 'p':	  pptr = umaxtostr (getpid (), pidbuf);	  len += pidbuf + sizeof pidbuf - 1 - pptr - 2;	  break;	case 'n':	  nptr = umaxtostr (n, nbuf);	  len += nbuf + sizeof nbuf - 1 - nptr - 2;	  break;	}      p++;    }  buf = xmalloc (len + 1);  for (q = buf, p = fmt; *p; )    {      if (*p == '%')	{	  switch (p[1])	    {	    case '%':	      *q++ = *p++;	      p++;	      break;	    case 'd':	      if (dir)		q = stpcpy (q, dir);	      p += 2;	      break;	    case 'f':	      if (base)		q = stpcpy (q, base);	      p += 2;	      break;	    case 'p':	      q = stpcpy (q, pptr);	      p += 2;	      break;	    case 'n':	      q = stpcpy (q, nptr);	      p += 2;	      break;	    default:	      *q++ = *p++;	      if (*p)		*q++ = *p++;	    }	}      else	*q++ = *p++;    }  free (dirp);//.........这里部分代码省略.........

static gpgme_error_tuiserver_sign (void *engine, gpgme_data_t in, gpgme_data_t out,	       gpgme_sig_mode_t mode, int use_armor, int use_textmode,	       int include_certs, gpgme_ctx_t ctx /* FIXME */){  engine_uiserver_t uiserver = engine;  gpgme_error_t err = 0;  const char *protocol;  char *cmd;  gpgme_key_t key;  if (!uiserver || !in || !out)    return gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE);  if (uiserver->protocol == GPGME_PROTOCOL_DEFAULT)    protocol = "";  else if (uiserver->protocol == GPGME_PROTOCOL_OpenPGP)    protocol = " --protocol=OpenPGP";  else if (uiserver->protocol == GPGME_PROTOCOL_CMS)    protocol = " --protocol=CMS";  else    return gpgme_error (GPG_ERR_UNSUPPORTED_PROTOCOL);  if (asprintf (&cmd, "SIGN%s%s", protocol,		(mode == GPGME_SIG_MODE_DETACH) ? " --detached" : "") < 0)    return gpg_error_from_errno (errno);  key = gpgme_signers_enum (ctx, 0);  if (key)    {      const char *s = NULL;      if (key && key->uids)        s = key->uids->email;      if (s && strlen (s) < 80)        {          char buf[100];          strcpy (stpcpy (buf, "SENDER --info "), s);          err = uiserver_assuan_simple_command (uiserver->assuan_ctx, buf,                                                uiserver->status.fnc,                                                uiserver->status.fnc_value);        }      else        err = gpg_error (GPG_ERR_INV_VALUE);      gpgme_key_unref (key);      if (err)      {	free (cmd);	return err;      }  }  uiserver->input_cb.data = in;  err = uiserver_set_fd (uiserver, INPUT_FD,			 map_data_enc (uiserver->input_cb.data));  if (err)    {      free (cmd);      return err;    }  uiserver->output_cb.data = out;  err = uiserver_set_fd (uiserver, OUTPUT_FD, use_armor ? "--armor"			 : map_data_enc (uiserver->output_cb.data));  if (err)    {      free (cmd);      return err;    }  uiserver->inline_data = NULL;  err = start (uiserver, cmd);  free (cmd);  return err;}

voidnis_print_group_entry (const_nis_name group){    if (group != NULL && group[0] != '/0')    {        size_t grouplen = strlen (group);        char buf[grouplen + 50];        char leafbuf[grouplen + 3];        char domainbuf[grouplen + 3];        nis_result *res;        char *cp, *cp2;        u_int i;        cp = stpcpy (buf, nis_leaf_of_r (group, leafbuf, sizeof (leafbuf) - 1));        cp = stpcpy (cp, ".groups_dir");        cp2 = nis_domain_of_r (group, domainbuf, sizeof (domainbuf) - 1);        if (cp2 != NULL && cp2[0] != '/0')        {            *cp++ = '.';            stpcpy (cp, cp2);        }        res = nis_lookup (buf, FOLLOW_LINKS | EXPAND_NAME);        if (res == NULL)            return;        if (NIS_RES_STATUS (res) != NIS_SUCCESS                || NIS_RES_NUMOBJ (res) != 1                || __type_of (NIS_RES_OBJECT (res)) != NIS_GROUP_OBJ)        {            nis_freeresult (res);            return;        }        char *mem_exp[NIS_RES_NUMOBJ (res)];        char *mem_imp[NIS_RES_NUMOBJ (res)];        char *mem_rec[NIS_RES_NUMOBJ (res)];        char *nomem_exp[NIS_RES_NUMOBJ (res)];        char *nomem_imp[NIS_RES_NUMOBJ (res)];        char *nomem_rec[NIS_RES_NUMOBJ (res)];        unsigned long mem_exp_cnt = 0, mem_imp_cnt = 0, mem_rec_cnt = 0;        unsigned long nomem_exp_cnt = 0, nomem_imp_cnt = 0, nomem_rec_cnt = 0;        for (i = 0;                i < NIS_RES_OBJECT (res)->GR_data.gr_members.gr_members_len; ++i)        {            char *grmem =                NIS_RES_OBJECT (res)->GR_data.gr_members.gr_members_val[i];            int neg = grmem[0] == '-';            switch (grmem[neg])            {            case '*':                if (neg)                {                    nomem_imp[nomem_imp_cnt] = grmem;                    ++nomem_imp_cnt;                }                else                {                    mem_imp[mem_imp_cnt] = grmem;                    ++mem_imp_cnt;                }                break;            case '@':                if (neg)                {                    nomem_rec[nomem_rec_cnt] = grmem;                    ++nomem_rec_cnt;                }                else                {                    mem_rec[mem_rec_cnt] = grmem;                    ++mem_rec_cnt;                }                break;            default:                if (neg)                {                    nomem_exp[nomem_exp_cnt] = grmem;                    ++nomem_exp_cnt;                }                else                {                    mem_exp[mem_exp_cnt] = grmem;                    ++mem_exp_cnt;                }                break;            }        }        {            char buf[strlen (NIS_RES_OBJECT (res)->zo_domain) + 10];            printf (_("Group entry for /"%s.%s/" group:/n"),                    NIS_RES_OBJECT (res)->zo_name,                    nis_domain_of_r (NIS_RES_OBJECT (res)->zo_domain,                                     buf, strlen (NIS_RES_OBJECT (res)->zo_domain)                                     + 10));        }        if (mem_exp_cnt)        {//.........这里部分代码省略.........

/** * assuan_inquire: * @ctx: An assuan context * @keyword: The keyword used for the inquire * @r_buffer: Returns an allocated buffer * @r_length: Returns the length of this buffer * @maxlen: If not 0, the size limit of the inquired data. *  * A Server may use this to Send an inquire.  r_buffer, r_length and * maxlen may all be NULL/0 to indicate that no real data is expected. *  * Return value: 0 on success or an ASSUAN error code **/gpg_error_tassuan_inquire (assuan_context_t ctx, const char *keyword,                unsigned char **r_buffer, size_t *r_length, size_t maxlen){  gpg_error_t rc;  struct membuf mb;  char cmdbuf[LINELENGTH-10]; /* (10 = strlen ("INQUIRE ")+CR,LF) */  unsigned char *line, *p;  int linelen;  int nodataexpected;  if (!ctx || !keyword || (10 + strlen (keyword) >= sizeof (cmdbuf)))    return _assuan_error (ctx, GPG_ERR_ASS_INV_VALUE);  nodataexpected = !r_buffer && !r_length && !maxlen;  if (!nodataexpected && (!r_buffer || !r_length))    return _assuan_error (ctx, GPG_ERR_ASS_INV_VALUE);  if (!ctx->is_server)    return _assuan_error (ctx, GPG_ERR_ASS_NOT_A_SERVER);  if (ctx->in_inquire)    return _assuan_error (ctx, GPG_ERR_ASS_NESTED_COMMANDS);    ctx->in_inquire = 1;  if (nodataexpected)    memset (&mb, 0, sizeof mb); /* avoid compiler warnings */  else    init_membuf (ctx, &mb, maxlen? maxlen:1024, maxlen);  strcpy (stpcpy (cmdbuf, "INQUIRE "), keyword);  rc = assuan_write_line (ctx, cmdbuf);  if (rc)    goto out;  for (;;)    {      do         {	  do	    rc = _assuan_read_line (ctx);	  while (_assuan_error_is_eagain (ctx, rc));          if (rc)            goto out;          line = (unsigned char *) ctx->inbound.line;          linelen = ctx->inbound.linelen;        }          while (*line == '#' || !linelen);      /* Note: As a convenience for manual testing we allow case         insensitive keywords.  */      if ((line[0] == 'E'||line[0] == 'e')          && (line[1] == 'N' || line[1] == 'n')          && (line[2] == 'D' || line[2] == 'd')          && (!line[3] || line[3] == ' '))        break; /* END command received*/      if ((line[0] == 'C' || line[0] == 'c')          && (line[1] == 'A' || line[1] == 'a')          && (line[2] == 'N' || line[2] == 'n'))        {          rc = _assuan_error (ctx, GPG_ERR_ASS_CANCELED);          goto out;        }      if ((line[0] != 'D' && line[0] != 'd')           || line[1] != ' ' || nodataexpected)        {          rc = _assuan_error (ctx, GPG_ERR_ASS_UNEXPECTED_CMD);          goto out;        }      if (linelen < 3)        continue;      line += 2;      linelen -= 2;      p = line;      while (linelen)        {          for (;linelen && *p != '%'; linelen--, p++)            ;          put_membuf (ctx, &mb, line, p-line);          if (linelen > 2)            { /* handle escaping */              unsigned char tmp[1];              p++;              *tmp = xtoi_2 (p);              p += 2;              linelen -= 3;              put_membuf (ctx, &mb, tmp, 1);            }          line = p;//.........这里部分代码省略.........

static int process_root_password(void) {        static const char table[] =                "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz"                "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"                "0123456789"                "./";        struct spwd item = {                .sp_namp = (char*) "root",                .sp_min = -1,                .sp_max = -1,                .sp_warn = -1,                .sp_inact = -1,                .sp_expire = -1,                .sp_flag = (unsigned long) -1, /* this appears to be what everybody does ... */        };        _cleanup_close_ int lock = -1;        char salt[3+16+1+1];        uint8_t raw[16];        unsigned i;        char *j;        const char *etc_shadow;        int r;        etc_shadow = prefix_roota(arg_root, "/etc/shadow");        if (faccessat(AT_FDCWD, etc_shadow, F_OK, AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW) >= 0)                return 0;        mkdir_parents(etc_shadow, 0755);        lock = take_password_lock(arg_root);        if (lock < 0)                return lock;        if (arg_copy_root_password && arg_root) {                struct spwd *p;                errno = 0;                p = getspnam("root");                if (p || errno != ENOENT) {                        if (!p) {                                if (!errno)                                        errno = EIO;                                log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to find shadow entry for root: %m");                                return -errno;                        }                        r = write_root_shadow(etc_shadow, p);                        if (r < 0)                                return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write %s: %m", etc_shadow);                        log_info("%s copied.", etc_shadow);                        return 0;                }        }        r = prompt_root_password();        if (r < 0)                return r;        if (!arg_root_password)                return 0;        r = dev_urandom(raw, 16);        if (r < 0)                return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to get salt: %m");        /* We only bother with SHA512 hashed passwords, the rest is legacy, and we don't do legacy. */        assert_cc(sizeof(table) == 64 + 1);        j = stpcpy(salt, "$6$");        for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)                j[i] = table[raw[i] & 63];        j[i++] = '$';        j[i] = 0;        errno = 0;        item.sp_pwdp = crypt(arg_root_password, salt);        if (!item.sp_pwdp) {                if (!errno)                        errno = -EINVAL;                log_error_errno(errno, "Failed to encrypt password: %m");                return -errno;        }        item.sp_lstchg = (long) (now(CLOCK_REALTIME) / USEC_PER_DAY);        r = write_root_shadow(etc_shadow, &item);        if (r < 0)                return log_error_errno(r, "Failed to write %s: %m", etc_shadow);        log_info("%s written.", etc_shadow);        return 0;}static void help(void) {//.........这里部分代码省略.........

int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {    struct option longopts[] = {        { "force", no_argument, 0, 'f' },        { "interactive", no_argument, 0, 'i' },        { "recursive", no_argument, 0, 'R' },        { "help", no_argument, 0, 0 },        { "version", no_argument, 0, 1 },        { 0, 0, 0, 0 }    };    bool force = false;    bool prompt = false;    bool recursive = false;    int c;    while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "fiRr", longopts, NULL)) != -1) {        switch (c) {        case 0:            return help(argv[0], "[OPTIONS] SOURCE... DESTINATION/n"                    "  -f, --force              force copy/n"                    "  -i, --interactive        prompt before overwrite/n"                    "  -R, -r, --recursive      recursively copy directories/n"                    "      --help               display this help/n"                    "      --version            display version info");        case 1:            return version(argv[0]);        case 'f':            force = true;            prompt = false;            break;        case 'i':            force = false;            prompt = true;            break;        case 'r':        case 'R':            recursive = true;            break;        case '?':            return 1;        }    }    if (optind >= argc) errx(1, "missing source operand");    if (optind == argc - 1) errx(1, "missing destination operand");    const char* destination = argv[argc - 1];    if (optind == argc - 2) {        struct stat destSt;        int statResult = stat(destination, &destSt);        if (statResult < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {            err(1, "stat: '%s'", destination);        } else if ((statResult < 0 && errno == ENOENT) ||                !S_ISDIR(destSt.st_mode)) {            copy(AT_FDCWD, argv[optind], argv[optind], AT_FDCWD, destination,                    destination, force, prompt, recursive);            return status;        }    }    int destFd = open(destination, O_SEARCH | O_DIRECTORY);    if (destFd < 0) err(1, "open: '%s'", destination);    for (int i = optind; i < argc - 1; i++) {        const char* source = argv[i];        char* sourceCopy = strdup(source);        if (!sourceCopy) err(1, "strdup");        char* destName = basename(sourceCopy);        if (strcmp(destName, "/") == 0) {            destName = ".";        }        char* destPath = malloc(strlen(destination) + strlen(destName) + 2);        if (!destPath) err(1, "malloc");        stpcpy(stpcpy(stpcpy(destPath, destination), "/"), destName);        copy(AT_FDCWD, source, source, destFd, destName, destPath, force,                prompt, recursive);        free(sourceCopy);        free(destPath);    }}

static intdo_test (void){  struct sigaction sa;  sa.sa_handler = handler;  sa.sa_flags = 0;  sigemptyset (&sa.sa_mask);  sigaction (SIGABRT, &sa, NULL);  /* Avoid all the buffer overflow messages on stderr.  */  int fd = open (_PATH_DEVNULL, O_WRONLY);  if (fd == -1)    close (STDERR_FILENO);  else    {      dup2 (fd, STDERR_FILENO);      close (fd);    }  setenv ("LIBC_FATAL_STDERR_", "1", 1);  struct A { char buf1[9]; char buf2[1]; } a;  struct wA { wchar_t buf1[9]; wchar_t buf2[1]; } wa;  printf ("Test checking routines at fortify level %d/n",#ifdef __USE_FORTIFY_LEVEL	  (int) __USE_FORTIFY_LEVEL#else	  0#endif	  );  /* These ops can be done without runtime checking of object size.  */  memcpy (buf, "abcdefghij", 10);  memmove (buf + 1, buf, 9);  if (memcmp (buf, "aabcdefghi", 10))    FAIL ();  if (mempcpy (buf + 5, "abcde", 5) != buf + 10      || memcmp (buf, "aabcdabcde", 10))    FAIL ();  memset (buf + 8, 'j', 2);  if (memcmp (buf, "aabcdabcjj", 10))    FAIL ();  strcpy (buf + 4, "EDCBA");  if (memcmp (buf, "aabcEDCBA", 10))    FAIL ();  if (stpcpy (buf + 8, "F") != buf + 9 || memcmp (buf, "aabcEDCBF", 10))    FAIL ();  strncpy (buf + 6, "X", 4);  if (memcmp (buf, "aabcEDX/0/0", 10))    FAIL ();  if (sprintf (buf + 7, "%s", "67") != 2 || memcmp (buf, "aabcEDX67", 10))    FAIL ();  if (snprintf (buf + 7, 3, "%s", "987654") != 6      || memcmp (buf, "aabcEDX98", 10))    FAIL ();  /* These ops need runtime checking, but shouldn't __chk_fail.  */  memcpy (buf, "abcdefghij", l0 + 10);  memmove (buf + 1, buf, l0 + 9);  if (memcmp (buf, "aabcdefghi", 10))    FAIL ();  if (mempcpy (buf + 5, "abcde", l0 + 5) != buf + 10      || memcmp (buf, "aabcdabcde", 10))    FAIL ();  memset (buf + 8, 'j', l0 + 2);  if (memcmp (buf, "aabcdabcjj", 10))    FAIL ();  strcpy (buf + 4, str1 + 5);  if (memcmp (buf, "aabcEDCBA", 10))    FAIL ();  if (stpcpy (buf + 8, str2) != buf + 9 || memcmp (buf, "aabcEDCBF", 10))    FAIL ();  strncpy (buf + 6, "X", l0 + 4);  if (memcmp (buf, "aabcEDX/0/0", 10))    FAIL ();  if (stpncpy (buf + 5, "cd", l0 + 5) != buf + 7      || memcmp (buf, "aabcEcd/0/0", 10))    FAIL ();  if (sprintf (buf + 7, "%d", num1) != 2 || memcmp (buf, "aabcEcd67", 10))    FAIL ();  if (snprintf (buf + 7, 3, "%d", num2) != 6 || memcmp (buf, "aabcEcd98", 10))    FAIL ();  buf[l0 + 8] = '/0';//.........这里部分代码省略.........

/** * Display help text for an option. * @param fp		output file handle * @param columns	output display width control * @param opt		option(s) * @param translation_domain	translation domain */static void singleOptionHelp(FILE * fp, columns_t columns,		const struct poptOption * opt,		/*@[email
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