自学教程：C++ xcb_flush函数代码示例

//.........这里部分代码省略.........            XCB_EVENT_MASK_EXPOSURE |            XCB_EVENT_MASK_BUTTON_PRESS        });    /* Map the window (make it visible) */    xcb_map_window(conn, win);    /* Setup NetWM atoms */    #define xmacro(name) /        do { /            xcb_intern_atom_reply_t *reply = xcb_intern_atom_reply(conn, name ## _cookie, NULL); /            if (!reply) /                errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "Could not get atom " # name "/n"); /            /            A_ ## name = reply->atom; /            free(reply); /        } while (0);    #include "atoms.xmacro"    #undef xmacro    /* Set dock mode */    xcb_change_property(conn,        XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE,        win,        A__NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE,        A_ATOM,        32,        1,        (unsigned char*) &A__NET_WM_WINDOW_TYPE_DIALOG);    /* Set window title */    xcb_change_property(conn,        XCB_PROP_MODE_REPLACE,        win,        A__NET_WM_NAME,        A_UTF8_STRING,        8,        strlen("i3: first configuration"),        "i3: first configuration");    /* Create pixmap */    pixmap = xcb_generate_id(conn);    pixmap_gc = xcb_generate_id(conn);    xcb_create_pixmap(conn, root_screen->root_depth, pixmap, win, 500, 500);    xcb_create_gc(conn, pixmap_gc, pixmap, 0, 0);    /* Grab the keyboard to get all input */    xcb_flush(conn);    /* Try (repeatedly, if necessary) to grab the keyboard. We might not     * get the keyboard at the first attempt because of the keybinding     * still being active when started via a wm’s keybinding. */    xcb_grab_keyboard_cookie_t cookie;    xcb_grab_keyboard_reply_t *reply = NULL;    int count = 0;    while ((reply == NULL || reply->status != XCB_GRAB_STATUS_SUCCESS) && (count++ < 500)) {        cookie = xcb_grab_keyboard(conn, false, win, XCB_CURRENT_TIME, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC, XCB_GRAB_MODE_ASYNC);        reply = xcb_grab_keyboard_reply(conn, cookie, NULL);        usleep(1000);    }    if (reply->status != XCB_GRAB_STATUS_SUCCESS) {        fprintf(stderr, "Could not grab keyboard, status = %d/n", reply->status);        exit(-1);    }    xcb_flush(conn);    xcb_generic_event_t *event;    while ((event = xcb_wait_for_event(conn)) != NULL) {        if (event->response_type == 0) {            fprintf(stderr, "X11 Error received! sequence %x/n", event->sequence);            continue;        }        /* Strip off the highest bit (set if the event is generated) */        int type = (event->response_type & 0x7F);        switch (type) {            case XCB_KEY_PRESS:                handle_key_press(NULL, conn, (xcb_key_press_event_t*)event);                break;            /* TODO: handle mappingnotify */            case XCB_BUTTON_PRESS:                handle_button_press((xcb_button_press_event_t*)event);                break;            case XCB_EXPOSE:                handle_expose();                break;        }        free(event);    }    return 0;}

/* * Flush before blocking (and waiting for new events) * */static void xcb_prepare_cb(EV_P_ ev_prepare *w, int revents) {    xcb_flush(conn);}

/** Changes the EWMH state of the window */static void set_wm_state (vout_window_t *wnd, bool on, xcb_atom_t state){    vout_window_sys_t *sys = wnd->sys;    /* From EWMH "_WM_STATE" */    xcb_client_message_event_t ev = {         .response_type = XCB_CLIENT_MESSAGE,         .format = 32,         .window = wnd->handle.xid,         .type = sys->wm_state,    };    ev.data.data32[0] = on ? NET_WM_STATE_ADD : NET_WM_STATE_REMOVE;    ev.data.data32[1] = state;    ev.data.data32[2] = 0;    ev.data.data32[3] = 1;    /* From ICCCM "Changing Window State" */    xcb_send_event (sys->conn, 0, sys->root,                    XCB_EVENT_MASK_SUBSTRUCTURE_NOTIFY |                    XCB_EVENT_MASK_SUBSTRUCTURE_REDIRECT,                    (const char *)&ev);}static int Control (vout_window_t *wnd, int cmd, va_list ap){    vout_window_sys_t *p_sys = wnd->sys;    xcb_connection_t *conn = p_sys->conn;    switch (cmd)    {        case VOUT_WINDOW_SET_SIZE:        {            if (p_sys->embedded)                return VLC_EGENERIC;            unsigned width = va_arg (ap, unsigned);            unsigned height = va_arg (ap, unsigned);            const uint32_t values[] = { width, height, };            xcb_configure_window (conn, wnd->handle.xid,                                  XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_WIDTH |                                  XCB_CONFIG_WINDOW_HEIGHT, values);            break;        }        case VOUT_WINDOW_SET_STATE:        {            unsigned state = va_arg (ap, unsigned);            bool above = (state & VOUT_WINDOW_STATE_ABOVE) != 0;            bool below = (state & VOUT_WINDOW_STATE_BELOW) != 0;            set_wm_state (wnd, above, p_sys->wm_state_above);            set_wm_state (wnd, below, p_sys->wm_state_below);            break;        }        case VOUT_WINDOW_SET_FULLSCREEN:        {            bool fs = va_arg (ap, int);            if (!fs && var_GetBool (wnd, "video-wallpaper"))                return VLC_EGENERIC;            set_wm_state (wnd, fs, p_sys->wm_state_fullscreen);            break;        }        default:            msg_Err (wnd, "request %d not implemented", cmd);            return VLC_EGENERIC;    }    xcb_flush (p_sys->conn);    return VLC_SUCCESS;}

void draw_gc(xcb_window_t win){	xcb_rectangle_t      r = { 0, 0,  0,0 };	xcb_connection_t    *c = G.conn;	xcb_get_geometry_reply_t *geo;	geo = xcb_get_geometry_reply(c, 			xcb_get_geometry(c, win), NULL);	if(0)printf("get (%hdx%hd)@(%dx%d)/n",  			geo->x, geo->y, geo->width, geo->height);	xcb_get_image_cookie_t cookie;	xcb_get_image_reply_t *reply;	xcb_generic_error_t *error;	xcb_void_cookie_t ck;	if(geo!=NULL){		r.width = geo->width ;		r.height=geo->height;		r.x=0;		r.y=0;		//printf("window depth=%d/n", geo->depth);		if(geo->depth == 24 |  geo->depth == 32)			psize = r.width * r.height * 4; //correct		else if(geo->depth==16)			psize = r.width * r.height * 2; //correct		else			printf(" *** unsupported window depth/n");	}else		psize = r.width * r.height * 4; //correct	free(geo);	static cairo_surface_t *cmask;	if( pbuf == NULL){		//			psize = geo->width *geo->height*4; //for test		pbuf = malloc(psize);		printf("malloc pbuf=0x%x size=%d/n",pbuf, psize);		memset(pbuf, 0x18, psize);		cmask = cairo_image_surface_create_for_data ((unsigned char *) pbuf,				CAIRO_FORMAT_ARGB32, 				geo->width, geo->height, geo->width*4);		//	12, 4, 48);		if(cmask == NULL){			perror("cairo surface create"); exit(1);		}	}	if(0)printf("width (%dx%d=%d/n",  geo->width, geo->height,  geo->width *geo->height*4);	draw_cairo(cmask);	//draw image with xcb_put_image	// creat gc and draw to parent window	xcb_gcontext_t       g;	g = xcb_generate_id(c);	xcb_create_gc(c, g, win, 0,NULL);	ck = xcb_put_image_checked(c, XCB_IMAGE_FORMAT_Z_PIXMAP,			win, g,			r.width, r.height, r.x,r.y,			0, G.s->root_depth,			psize, pbuf);	xcb_flush(c);}

int vkDisplay::create_window(const unsigned int width, const unsigned int height){#if defined(PLATFORM_LINUX)    uint32_t value_mask, value_list[32];    m_XcbWindow = xcb_generate_id(m_pXcbConnection);    value_mask = XCB_CW_BACK_PIXEL | XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK;    value_list[0] = m_pXcbScreen->black_pixel;    value_list[1] = XCB_EVENT_MASK_KEY_RELEASE |                    XCB_EVENT_MASK_EXPOSURE;    xcb_create_window(m_pXcbConnection,            XCB_COPY_FROM_PARENT,            m_XcbWindow, m_pXcbScreen->root,            0, 0, width, height, 0,            XCB_WINDOW_CLASS_INPUT_OUTPUT,            m_pXcbScreen->root_visual,            value_mask, value_list);    xcb_map_window(m_pXcbConnection, m_XcbWindow);    xcb_flush(m_pXcbConnection);    // TODO : Not sure of best place to put this, but I have all the info I need here so just setting it all here for now    //m_XcbPlatformHandle.connection = m_pXcbConnection;    //m_XcbPlatformHandle.root = m_pXcbScreen->root;    m_surface.base.platform = VK_ICD_WSI_PLATFORM_XCB;    m_surface.connection = m_pXcbConnection;    m_surface.window = m_XcbWindow;    return 0;#elif defined(WIN32)    // Register Window class    WNDCLASSEX wcex = {};	m_connection = GetModuleHandle(0);    wcex.cbSize = sizeof( WNDCLASSEX);    wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;    wcex.lpfnWndProc = WindowProcVk;    wcex.cbClsExtra = 0;    wcex.cbWndExtra = 0;    wcex.hInstance = m_connection;    wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE( IDI_ICON));    wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor( NULL, IDC_ARROW);    wcex.hbrBackground = ( HBRUSH )( COLOR_WINDOW + 1);    wcex.lpszMenuName = NULL;    wcex.lpszClassName = APP_NAME;    wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon( wcex.hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE( IDI_ICON));    if( !RegisterClassEx( &wcex))    {        vktrace_LogError("Failed to register windows class");        return -1;    }    // create the window    m_windowHandle = CreateWindow(APP_NAME, APP_NAME, WS_OVERLAPPED | WS_CAPTION | WS_SYSMENU, 0, 0,                          width, height, NULL, NULL, wcex.hInstance, NULL);    if (m_windowHandle)    {        ShowWindow( m_windowHandle, SW_SHOWDEFAULT);        m_windowWidth = width;        m_windowHeight = height;    } else {        vktrace_LogError("Failed to create window");        return -1;    }    // TODO : Not sure of best place to put this, but I have all the info I need here so just setting it all here for now    m_surface.base.platform = VK_ICD_WSI_PLATFORM_WIN32;    m_surface.hinstance = wcex.hInstance;    m_surface.hwnd = m_windowHandle;    return 0;#endif}

//.........这里部分代码省略.........            con_set_border_style(nc, motif_border_style, config.default_floating_border_width);        } else {            con_set_border_style(nc, motif_border_style, config.default_border_width);        }    }    if (want_floating) {        DLOG("geometry = %d x %d/n", nc->geometry.width, nc->geometry.height);        /* automatically set the border to the default value if a motif border         * was not specified */        bool automatic_border = (motif_border_style == BS_NORMAL);        floating_enable(nc, automatic_border);    }    /* explicitly set the border width to the default */    if (nc->current_border_width == -1) {        nc->current_border_width = (want_floating ? config.default_floating_border_width : config.default_border_width);    }    /* to avoid getting an UnmapNotify event due to reparenting, we temporarily     * declare no interest in any state change event of this window */    values[0] = XCB_NONE;    xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, window, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);    xcb_void_cookie_t rcookie = xcb_reparent_window_checked(conn, window, nc->frame, 0, 0);    if (xcb_request_check(conn, rcookie) != NULL) {        LOG("Could not reparent the window, aborting/n");        goto geom_out;    }    values[0] = CHILD_EVENT_MASK & ~XCB_EVENT_MASK_ENTER_WINDOW;    xcb_change_window_attributes(conn, window, XCB_CW_EVENT_MASK, values);    xcb_flush(conn);    /* Put the client inside the save set. Upon termination (whether killed or     * normal exit does not matter) of the window manager, these clients will     * be correctly reparented to their most closest living ancestor (=     * cleanup) */    xcb_change_save_set(conn, XCB_SET_MODE_INSERT, window);    /* Check if any assignments match */    run_assignments(cwindow);    /* 'ws' may be invalid because of the assignments, e.g. when the user uses     * "move window to workspace 1", but had it assigned to workspace 2. */    ws = con_get_workspace(nc);    /* If this window was put onto an invisible workspace (via assignments), we     * render this workspace. It wouldn’t be rendered in our normal code path     * because only the visible workspaces get rendered.     *     * By rendering the workspace, we assign proper coordinates (read: not     * width=0, height=0) to the window, which is important for windows who     * actually use them to position their GUI elements, e.g. rhythmbox. */    if (ws && !workspace_is_visible(ws)) {        /* This is a bit hackish: we need to copy the content container’s rect         * to the workspace, because calling render_con() on the content         * container would also take the shortcut and not render the invisible         * workspace at all. However, just calling render_con() on the         * workspace isn’t enough either 
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