自学教程：Python接口自动化浅析requests请求封装原理

import requestsclass RequestHandler:    def get(self, url, **kwargs):        """封装get方法"""        # 获取请求参数        params = kwargs.get("params")        headers = kwargs.get("headers")        try:            result = requests.get(url, params=params, headers=headers)            return result        except Exception as e:            print("get请求错误: %s" % e)    def post(self, url, **kwargs):        """封装post方法"""        # 获取请求参数        params = kwargs.get("params")        data = kwargs.get("data")        json = kwargs.get("json")        try:            result = requests.post(url, params=params, data=data, json=json)            return result        except Exception as e:            print("post请求错误: %s" % e)    def run_main(self, method, **kwargs):        """        判断请求类型        :param method: 请求接口类型        :param kwargs: 选填参数        :return: 接口返回内容        """        if method == 'get':            result = self.get(**kwargs)            return result        elif method == 'post':            result = self.post(**kwargs)            return result        else:            print('请求接口类型错误')if __name__ == '__main__':    # 以下是测试代码    # get请求接口    url = 'https://api.apiopen.top/getJoke?page=1&count=2&type=video'    res = RequestHandler().get(url)    # post请求接口    url2 = 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/user/login/'    payload = {        "username": "vivi",        "password": "123456"    }    res2 = RequestHandler().post(url2,json=payload)    print(res.json())    print(res2.json())

'message': '成功!', 'result': [{'sid': '31004305','text': '羊：师傅，理个发，稍微修一下就行', 'type': 'video','thumbnail': 'http://wimg.spriteapp.cn/picture/2020/0410/5e8fbf227c7f3_wpd.jpg', 'video': 'http://uvideo.spriteapp.cn/video/2020/0410/5e8fbf227c7f3_wpd.mp4','images': None, 'up': '95','down': '1', 'forward': '0', 'comment': '25', 'uid': '23189193', 'name': '青川小舟', 'header': 'http://wimg.spriteapp.cn/profile/large/2019/12/24/5e01934bb01b5_mini.jpg', 'top_comments_content':None, 'top_comments_voiceuri': None,'top_comments_uid': None, 'top_comments_name': None,'top_comments_header': None, 'passtime': '2020-04-12 01:43:02'},{'sid': '30559863', 'text': '机器人女友，除了不能生孩子，其他的啥都会，价格239000元','type': 'video', 'thumbnail': 'http://wimg.spriteapp.cn/picture/2020/0306/5e61a41172a1b_wpd.jpg','video': 'http://uvideo.spriteapp.cn/video/2020/0306/5e61a41172a1b_wpd.mp4', 'images': None, 'up': '80', 'down': '6','forward': '3','comment': '20', 'uid': '23131273', 'name': '水到渠成','header': 'http://wimg.spriteapp.cn/profile/large/2019/07/04/5d1d90349cd1a_mini.jpg', 'top_comments_content': '为游戏做的秀', 'top_comments_voiceuri': '','top_comments_uid': '10250040', 'top_comments_name': '不得姐用户', 'top_comments_header': 'http://wimg.spriteapp.cn/profile','passtime': '2020-04-11 20:43:49'}]}{'token': 'eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjoxLCJ1c2VybmFtZSI6InZpdmkiLCJleHAiOjE1ODY4NTc0MzcsImVtYWlsIjoidml2aUBxcS5jb20ifQ.k6y0dAfNU2o9Hd9LFfxEk1HKgczlQfUaKE-imPfTsm4', 'user_id': 1, 'username': 'vivi'}

def get(url, params=None, **kwargs):    r"""Sends a GET request.    :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.    :param params: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples or bytes to send        in the query string for the :class:`Request`.    :param /*/*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.    :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object    :rtype: requests.Response    """    kwargs.setdefault('allow_redirects', True)    return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)

def post(url, data=None, json=None, **kwargs):    r"""Sends a POST request.    :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.    :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like        object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.    :param json: (optional) json data to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.    :param /*/*kwargs: Optional arguments that ``request`` takes.    :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object    :rtype: requests.Response    """    return request('post', url, data=data, json=json, **kwargs) 

def request(method, url, **kwargs):    """Constructs and sends a :class:`Request <Request>`.    :param method: method for the new :class:`Request` object.    :param url: URL for the new :class:`Request` object.    :param params: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples or bytes to send        in the query string for the :class:`Request`.    :param data: (optional) Dictionary, list of tuples, bytes, or file-like        object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.    :param json: (optional) A JSON serializable Python object to send in the body of the :class:`Request`.    :param headers: (optional) Dictionary of HTTP Headers to send with the :class:`Request`.    :param cookies: (optional) Dict or CookieJar object to send with the :class:`Request`.    :param files: (optional) Dictionary of ``'name': file-like-objects`` (or ``{'name': file-tuple}``) for multipart encoding upload.        ``file-tuple`` can be a 2-tuple ``('filename', fileobj)``, 3-tuple ``('filename', fileobj, 'content_type')``        or a 4-tuple ``('filename', fileobj, 'content_type', custom_headers)``, where ``'content-type'`` is a string        defining the content type of the given file and ``custom_headers`` a dict-like object containing additional headers        to add for the file.    :param auth: (optional) Auth tuple to enable Basic/Digest/Custom HTTP Auth.    :param timeout: (optional) How many seconds to wait for the server to send data        before giving up, as a float, or a :ref:`(connect timeout, read        timeout) <timeouts>` tuple.    :type timeout: float or tuple    :param allow_redirects: (optional) Boolean. Enable/disable GET/OPTIONS/POST/PUT/PATCH/DELETE/HEAD redirection. Defaults to ``True``.    :type allow_redirects: bool    :param proxies: (optional) Dictionary mapping protocol to the URL of the proxy.    :param verify: (optional) Either a boolean, in which case it controls whether we verify            the server's TLS certificate, or a string, in which case it must be a path            to a CA bundle to use. Defaults to ``True``.    :param stream: (optional) if ``False``, the response content will be immediately downloaded.    :param cert: (optional) if String, path to ssl client cert file (.pem). If Tuple, ('cert', 'key') pair.    :return: :class:`Response <Response>` object    :rtype: requests.Response    Usage::      >>> import requests      >>> req = requests.request('GET', 'https://httpbin.org/get')      <Response [200]>    """    # By using the 'with' statement we are sure the session is closed, thus we    # avoid leaving sockets open which can trigger a ResourceWarning in some    # cases, and look like a memory leak in others.    with sessions.Session() as session:        return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)

import requestsclass RequestHandler:    def __init__(self):        """session管理器"""        self.session = requests.session()    def visit(self, method, url, params=None, data=None, json=None, headers=None, **kwargs):        return self.session.request(method,url, params=params, data=data, json=json, headers=headers,**kwargs)    def close_session(self):        """关闭session"""        self.session.close()if __name__ == '__main__':    # 以下是测试代码    # post请求接口    url = 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/user/login/'    payload = {        "username": "vivi",        "password": "123456"    }    req = RequestHandler()    login_res = req.visit("post", url, json=payload)    print(login_res.text)

{    "token": "eyJ0eXAiOiJKV1QiLCJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjoxLCJ1c2VybmFtZSI6InZpdmkiLCJleHAiOjE1ODY4Njk3ODQsImVtYWlsIjoidml2aUBxcS5jb20ifQ.OD4HIv8G0HZ_RCk-GTVAZ9ADRjwqr3o0E32CC_2JMLg",    "user_id": 1,    "username": "vivi"}