这篇教程Python爬虫基本库request的基本使用写得很实用,希望能帮到您。
request用urllib去处理网页验证和Cookies时,需要写Opener和Handler来处理,很不方便,这里我们学习更为强大的库request
get()实例: import requests #导入requestshtml = requests.get('https://www.csdn.net/')#使用get方法获取页面信息print(html.text)#调取text属性查看页面代码
添加参数使用param+字典import requests # 导入requestsdata = { 'jl': '765', 'kw': 'python', 'kt': '3'}html = requests.get('https://sou.zhaopin.com/',params=data) # 添加参数print(html.text) # 调取text属性查看页面代码
添加headers使用headers+字典import requests # 导入requestsheaders = { 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.149 Safari/537.36'}data = { 'jl': '765', 'kw': 'python', 'kt': '3'}html = requests.get('https://sou.zhaopin.com/',headers=headers,params=data) # 添加参数print(html.text) # 调取text属性查看页面代码
高级用法cookies设置,代理设置等
Cookies获取cookies: import requests # 导入requestsheaders = { 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.149 Safari/537.36'}data = { 'jl': '765', 'kw': 'python', 'kt': '3'}html = requests.get('https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40966461/article/details/104974998',headers=headers,params=data) # 添加参数print(html.cookies) # 调取text属性查看页面代码for key,value in html.cookies.items(): print(key+'='+value) 很简单,直接获取cookies属性即可
维持会话Session()在requests中,如果直接利用get()或post()等方法可以做到模拟网页的请求,但是这实际上时相当于不同的会话,相当于用了两个浏览器打开了不同的页面,这时需要用session对象来维护对话 import requests # 导入requestsheaders = { 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.149 Safari/537.36'}data = { 'jl': '765', 'kw': 'python', 'kt': '3'}html = requests.Session().get('https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40966461/article/details/104974998',headers=headers,params=data) # 添加参数print(html.cookies) # 调取text属性查看页面代码for key,value in html.cookies.items(): print(key+'='+value) 调用requests模块中get方法时先创建一个Session对象
SSL证书验证import requests # 导入requestsheaders = { 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.149 Safari/537.36'}response = requests.get('http://www.12306.cn',headers=headers,verify = False)print(response.status_code) verify=False即可
代理设置import requests # 导入requestsheaders = { 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.149 Safari/537.36'}proxies = { "http":"http://183.166.132.176", "https":"https://183.166.132.176"}response = requests.get('http://www.12306.cn',headers=headers,proxies=proxies,verify = False)print(response.status_code) 添加proxies即可,代理可以搜索快代理
超时设置加参数timeout= 1
身份认证get中添加参数 auth=(‘username’,‘password’) OAuth认证方式 到此这篇关于Python爬虫基本库request的基本使用的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关Python爬虫request库内容请搜索wanshiok.com以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持wanshiok.com! python中的转义字符串问题 Python中os.system()、subprocess.run()、call()、check_output()的使用案例 |