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　　高中英语必修五单词及语言点总结

　　Unit 5 First aid

　　Word usage

　　1. aid n. 1) support or help

　　v. 2) to give support or help

　　She made no effort to aid Sophia.

　　A good dictionary can aid language learning.

　　He should be able to read this without the aid of a dictionary.

　　2. bleed v. 1) to lose blood

　　2) to make someone to pay too much money

　　3) to draw blood from, as doctors did in former times to treat diseases

　　He was bleeding badly.

　　My heart bleeds for you.

　　He bled them for US$1,500.

　　Doctors used to bleed people when they were ill.

　　3. choke v 1) to cause to have great difficulty in breathing or stop breathing

　　2) fill a space or passage completely

　　The child was almost choked by the heavy smoke

　　The storeroom was choked with furniture

　　Leaves choked the drain.

　　I managed to choke back my tears.

　　4. perform v. 1) to do, carry out a piece of work, duty, ceremony etc.

　　2) to give, act or show

　　The young doctor performed the heart operation.

　　They always perform their duties faithfully.

　　The students will perform an opera next Friday.

　　The soloist had never performed in London before.

　　5. essential adj. 1) completely necessary for the existence, success etc.

　　2) most important; central

　　3) something necessary

　　Hard work is essential to success.

　　There is no essential difference between the two drafts.

　　Our course deals with the essentials of management.

　　6. recognize vt 1) to show official gratefulness for

　　2) to know again

　　3) to accept as being legal or real

　　The policeman recognized her as a pickpocket.

　　He looked at the envelope and recognized Jenny's handwriting immediately.

　　Many countries recognized the new government.

　　I recognized that I had made a mistake.

　　7. stab v. 1) to strike forcefully into with the point of something sharp

　　2) to make forceful pushing movements with sth pointed

　　3) an act of stabbing or trying to stab someone

　　The man was stabbed to death in his office.

　　I was stabbed with remorse.

　　The escaped prisoner stabbed at the policeman with a knife.

　　I felt a stab of pain in the back.

　　8. congratulate vt 1) express your pleasure for someone

　　2) to have pleasure and pride in yourself for something

　　I congratulate you on your great discovery.

　　I want to congratulate you with all my heart.

　　He congratulated himself on having survived the air-crash.

　　9. suffer vi 1) to experience pain, difficulty or loss

　　vt 2) to experience or have to deal with sth painful

　　He suffered many humiliations before he became a football star.

　　I cannot suffer such rudeness.

　　He suffered from poverty all his life.

　　They suffered a great deal in those days.

　　This scientific instrument suffered severely.

　　10. survive vi 1) to continue to live or exist, especially after coming close to death

　　vt 2) to continue to live or exist after

　　Only two passengers survived the air-crash.

　　She survived her husband by twenty years.

　　Few survived after the flood.

　　11. operation n. 1) the cutting of the body in order to remove a disease

　　2) the condition or process of working

　　The operation of this machine is simple.

　　The operation of a railroad needs many men.

　　Her father underwent a major operation last week.

　　He continued his operations in cotton futures

　　12. follow v. 1) to accept and act according to

　　2) to move behind in the same direction

　　3) to happen or come directly after something

　　My dog follows me to school.

　　Night follows day.

　　The dogs followed the fox.

　　The cat followed every movement of the mouse.

　　Do you follow me?

　　13. accident n. 1) something unpleasant or damaging that happens by chance or unexpectedly

　　2) something that happened that was not intentional and can’t be blamed on anyone

　　He died in an automobile accident years ago.

　　The discovery was a happy accident.

　　14. doubt v. 1) to be uncertain about

　　n 2) uncertainty of befief or opinion

　　I doubt whether Tom has taken my watch.

　　The judge doubted him.

　　I do not doubt that he will succeed.

　　The outcome of the election remains in doubt.

　　There is no doubt about his innocence.

　　15. scene n. 1) a place where an event happens

　　2) in a play any of the divisions, often within an act.

　　What a fantastic mountain scene!

　　The criminal fled the scene.

　　The scene of this play is set in Ireland.

　　They made a scene of trifles.

　　16. honor vt. 1) to show or bring honor to

　　n. 2) the great respect and admiration

　　We fight for the honor of our country.

　　The business honor of the company is beyond suspicion.

　　He is a man of honor.

　　Children should be taught to show honor to their elders.

　　He graduated with honors.

　　17. pour v. 1) to cause something to flow out of or into a container

　　2) to flow steadily and rapidly’

　　3) to fall hard and steadily

　　She poured herself another cup of tea.

　　They have poured money into the tourist industry.

　　The crowd poured out of the concert hall.

　　Sweat poured from Martin's face.

　　Useful expressions

　　1. take off 1) to remove sth

　　2) to give a holiday from work

　　3) begin to become successful, popular

　　4) a plane to rise into the air at the beginning of a flight

　　He took off his raincoat and took out the key.

　　The plane will take off soon.

　　He took two weeks off in August.

　　2. sit up v. 1) to cause to rise to a sitting position from a lying position

　　2) to sit properly upright in a chair

　　3) to stay up late

　　The doctor sat up all night with the patient

　　Sit up straight, don’t slouch over the table.

　　Sit up and take your medicine.

　　3. knock over: to strike to the ground

　　He knocked a glass over.

　　She was knocked over by the news

　　We have knocked over every difficulty.

　　4. in place: in the proper or usual position

　　She likes to have everything in place.

　　I'm afraid your proposal is not quite in place.

　　5. a lot: much, a great deal

　　Thanks a lot.

　　She is a lot older than him.

　　This is a lot more interesting.

　　6. catch fire: start to burn

　　Paper catches fire easily.

　　The pile of papers couldn’t catch fire by itself.

　　7. carry out: 1) to perform or complete

　　2) to fulfill

　　She had finally carried out her promise to quit smoking.

　　They have failed to carry out their orders.

　　They are carrying out urgent repairs.

　　8. cut off v. 1) to separate by cutting

　　2) to disconnect or discontinue

　　3) to block off or surround

　　He had a finger cut off by a machine while working.

　　I was cut off on my line to London.

　　He was cut off in his prime.

　　9. start with: begin with

　　Her illness started with a high fever.

　　The boss paid him only 5 dollars a week to start with.

　　This book starts with a tale of country life.

　　10. in case conj. 1) so as to safe if something happens

　　2) if

　　In case she comes back, let me know immediately.

　　Take the raincoat in case it rains.

　　11. leave sb/sth alone: to stop having annoyingly in someone’s presence

　　Go away and leave me alone!

　　Leave behind leave for leave off leave out

　　12. call for v. 1) to demand

　　2) to need or deserve

　　3) to go and get someone from their house, office etc.

　　This is a problem that calls for immediate solution.

　　We will call for her early tomorrow morning

　　The sort of work calls for a lot of patience.